cutawk.cc 
5．Description of dalak drawn heavily from Akbar Nowroz’s accounts plus personal experience with dalaks of my day.
6．Ali, Cultural History of Afghanistan, 199.
7．Kakar, Government and Society in Afghanistan, 124–126.
8．Zarb-ul Masal-ha, Afghan proverbs collected by Dr. Ja’far Taheri, 129.
第3章
1．This description of Dost Mohammed comes, in part, from Alexander Burnes, Travels into Bokhara: Being the Account of a Journey from India to Cabool, Tartary, and Persia (Philadelphia: E. L. Carey and A. Hart, 1835), 2:23.
2．Mir Ghulam Mohammed Ghobar describes Afghan trade goods, in Afghanistan Dar Maseer-i-Tareekh, Juld-i Awal [Afghanistan in the Course of History, Volume 1] (Kabul: Government Publications Department, 1967), 573, although he claims the economy suffered under Dost Mohammed. Fraser-Tytler has a more complimentary view of his reign. W. K. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan: A Study of Political Developments in Central and South Asia (London: Oxford University Press, 1950), 127.
第4章
1．The phrase appears in The Wealth of Nations, bk. 4, chap. 7, pt. 3. Smith actually qualifies the description by describing England as “a nation whose government is influenced by shopkeepers.” The book can be found at [domain].
2．Burnes, Travels into Bokhara, 1:127.
3．Ibid., 1:128.
4．Ibid., 1:178.
5．Ibid., 1:210–217.
6．Ibid., 1:234.
7．Ibid., 2:15–17.
8．Quoted in Ben Macintyre, The Man Who Would Be King: The First American in Afghanistan (New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 2004), 201.
9．Quoted in Karl Ernest Meyer and Shareen Brysac, Tournament of Shadows: The Great Game and the Race for Empire in Central Asia (New York: Basic Books, 2006), 85.
10．Quoted by Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan, 110. For the full text of the manifesto, see Abdul Hakim Tabibi, Afghanistan: A Nation in Love with Freedom (Cedar Rapids, IA: Igram Press, 1985), 144–148.
第5章
1．See Terence Blackburn, The Extermination of a British Army: The Retreat from Kabul (New Delhi: APH, 2008), ix–x, for a detailed breakdown.
2．Jules Stewart, Crimson Snow: Britain’s First Disaster in Afghanistan (Gloucestershire: Sutton Press, 2008), 78, refers to eight hundred wives. Lady Florentia Sale, in her A Journal of the Disasters in Afghanistan (Franklin, TN: Tantallon Press, 2002; originally published in 1843), 48, refers to the king’ s womenfolk, including wives, daughters, and serving maids, as numbering in the eight hundreds.
3．Mohan Lal, Hindu interpreter for the British, reported this information but didn’t mention the woman’s name. His report was quoted by M. Saeed, Women in Afghan History, [domain], 13.
4．Louis Dupree, Afghanistan (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1980), 384. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan, 114.
5．Sale, Journal, 6–20.
6．Dupree, Afghanistan, 382–383, quoting John William Kaye, History of the War in Afghanistan, Third Edition (London, 1874), 2:130.
7．Stewart, Crimson Snow, 102–103.
8．Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan, 114.
9．I found this diary on the Internet, but unfortunately it has vanished now. I am, however, amused to see that the phrase “frighteningly willing” made its way into the Afghan Chamber of Commerce’s account of the First Anglo-Afghan war here: http://www. zhaiyuedu.com/history/englishinvation.htm. They must have seen the same diary as I.
10．David Loyn, InAfghanistan (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2009), 35–46.
11．Macintyre, Man WhoWould Be King, 259–260.
12．Dupree, Afghanistan, 386.
13．Ibid., 389.
14．John William Kaye, History of the War in Afghanistan (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2009), 368–370.
15．Ibid., 376.
16．Ibid.
第6章
1．Ghobar, Afghanistan Dar Maseer-i-Tareekh, vol. 1, 573.
2．Ibid., 587–588.
3．Ibid., 573.
4．Ibid.
5．Ibid.
6．Habibi, Tarikh-i-Mukhtasar-i Afghanistan, 290.
7．Ghobar, Afghanistan dar Maseeri Tarikh, vol. 1, 547.
8．Ibid., 583.
9．Ibid., 588.
第7章
1．Abdul Hakim Tabibi, The Politicial Struggles of Syed Jamaluddin al-Afghani (Kabul: Muassisa Intasharat Baihaqi, 1977). Also see Jamil Ahmad, “Jamaluddin Afghani,”[domain]. For the Iranian-origins argument, see Nikki Keddie, Sayyid Jamal al-Din “al-Afghani”: A Political Biography (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972).
2．Saeed, Women in Afghan History, 15.
3．Ghobar, Afghanistan Dar Maseer-i-Tareekh, vol. 1, 594–595.
4．Habibi, Tarikh-i-Mukhtasar-i Afghanistan, 291–293.
